The timing of vaccination is crucial, with evidence from recent publications reporting that vaccine responses can be impaired for up to 6 months after B‐cell depletion treatment. 13, 14, 15, 16 Streptococcus pneumoniae (the pneumococcus) is a common cause of respiratory tract infections, and anti‐pneumococcal vaccination is routinely administered to B‐cell depleted patients to help prevent subsequent infections. 9, 10, 11 However, B‐cell depletion therapy has some risks, with a reported increased incidence of infections, 12 including pneumonia and other respiratory tract infections. 8 Several antibodies have been developed to target specific B cells subsets, among them, monoclonal antibodies against receptors CD19, CD20, and CD22. 6, 7 The use of monoclonal antibody treatment to target and selectively deplete B cells is well established in the treatment of B‐cell malignancies, and a similar approach is used in the treatment of autoimmune disorders. 1, 2, 3 Dysregulation of B‐cell function can lead to the development of self‐reactive B cells resulting in autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, immune thrombocytopenia 4, 5 or in neoplastic conditions including lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and myeloma. B cells are involved in antibody production, antigen presentation and they contribute directly to inflammatory pathways. Continued abuse of our services will cause your IP address to be blocked indefinitely.B cells are one of the main components of adaptive immunity playing a key role in the immune system regulation. Please fill out the CAPTCHA below and then click the button to indicate that you agree to these terms. If you wish to be unblocked, you must agree that you will take immediate steps to rectify this issue. If you do not understand what is causing this behavior, please contact us here. If you promise to stop (by clicking the Agree button below), we'll unblock your connection for now, but we will immediately re-block it if we detect additional bad behavior.
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